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Whitepaper #001 in the Decadal Survey for Solar and Space Physics (Heliophysics) 2024-2033. Main topics: space weather applications; basic research. Additional topics: space weather research/operations/research loop; planetary ionospheres / upper atmospheres; ground-based […]
Accurately imaging the 3-D spatial variation and temporal evolution of Earth’s ionosphere has always been a challenging task for space weather community. We recommend advancing ionospheric 3-D imaging with finer resolution and precision, improved ionospheric driver estimation, better uncertainty quantification, support space weather nowcast/forecast, and sustained effort to increase data coverage