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Whitepaper #163 in the Decadal Survey for Solar and Space Physics (Heliophysics) 2024-2033. Main topics: basic research. Additional topics: space-based missions/projects; system science.
The mesospheric polar vortex plays a critical role in coupling the atmosphere-ionosphere system, so its accurate simulation is imperative for robust predictions of the thermosphere and ionosphere. Unfortunately, representation of the MPV is generally not accurate in state-of-the-art general circulation models.