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Whitepaper #273 in the Decadal Survey for Solar and Space Physics (Heliophysics) 2024-2033. Main topics: basic research. Additional topics: system science; user-need-driven basic space weather research.
The electrodynamics are a key geospace component important for understanding variability, geomagnetic storm time response, and plasma instabilities. To make progress new electrodynamic modeling capabilities are needed: * High resolution electrodynamics * Adaptive local refinement techniques * Seamless coupling between geospace domains * Local 3D electrodynamics * Fast, efficient, stable solvers