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Whitepaper #413 in the Decadal Survey for Solar and Space Physics (Heliophysics) 2024-2033. Main topics: space weather applications; basic research. Additional topics: planetary ionospheres / upper atmospheres; space weather research/applications/operations pipeline; […]
The effective utilization of data in geospace models is essential for scientific understanding, developing specifications & forecasts and prioritizing observing-system procurements. Powerful methods leveraging high-resolution data are increasingly used in space physics: OSEs quantifying the impact of observing systems on model accuracy and OSSEs quantifying the value of new systems.