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Whitepaper #450 in the Decadal Survey for Solar and Space Physics (Heliophysics) 2024-2033. Main topics: space weather applications; infrastructure/workforce/other programmatic. Additional topics: space weather research/operations/research loop; other programmatic; […]
Measurements of how space environment interacts with different space hardware/electronics have been lacking. We recommend developing or procuring low-cost, low-power consumption, and compact sensor suites and flying them on all future NASA (and, more generally, U.S.) missions in order to measure and quantify space weather impacts in addition to the main instrumentation.