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A hot Jupiter progenitor on a super-eccentric, retrograde orbit

Presentation #615.05 in the session Planet Formation Theory.

Published onApr 03, 2024
A hot Jupiter progenitor on a super-eccentric, retrograde orbit

We present the discovery of a transiting warm Jupiter on a long-period (P = 165 days), super-eccentric (e = 0.94), and retrograde (λ = 170°) orbit around a main sequence star in a hierarchical triple system. Using measurements from a suite of ground-based facilities, including a partial transit recovery via diffuser-assisted photometry with ARCTIC and radial velocity measurements with the NEID, HPF, and HARPS-N spectrographs, we confirm the planetary origin of a single transit detected by TESS and we tightly constrain the physical and orbital properties of the system. The orbit is measured to be more eccentric than that of any other transiting exoplanet. In-transit NEID data concurrent with the ARCTIC transit detection also enable us to measure the spin-orbit misalignment, and we find that the exoplanet is on a retrograde orbit. The orbit of this new exoplanet is reminiscent of that of HD 80606 b, suggesting a dynamical origin for the two systems. We show that this is indeed likely to be the case, as the present extreme orbit of the planet is consistent with a history of Lidov-Kozai oscillations induced by the low-mass stellar binary companion. We also identify a statistically significant trend in the transiting warm Jupiter mass and eccentricity distributions, and we discuss implications for the processes responsible for sculpting the hot and warm Jupiter populations.

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